英语中的就近原则和就远原则都有哪些

就近原则：是指谓语与其相近的名词、代词在“人称、数量”上要保持一致。

1、并列主语由以下词组连接，要采用就近原则：

① there be 句型

eg: There is a book and some pencils on the table.

译：桌子上有一本书和几支铅笔。

② either... or...

eg: Either they or Sam is going to Beijing next Monday.

译：下周一要去北京的不是他们，就是山姆。

③ neither... nor...

eg: Neither you nor he is right.

译：你和他都不对。

④ not… but…

eg: Not you but I am to blame.

译：不是你，而是我应受到责备。

⑤ not only…but also

eg: Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.

= Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.

译：安和她的父母每周日都待在家里。

⑥ or

eg: What he does or what he says does not concern me.

译：他做了什么或是他说了什么，都没有让我担忧。

2、在倒装句中，可采用就近原则：

eg: In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.

译：在远处，你能听见人们的鼓掌声和欢呼声。

就远原则：指谓语动词要与比较远的那个主语保持一致。

1、as well as

eg: The son, as well as his parents, wants to go there.

译：这个孩子和他的父母一样想去那里。

2、（together / along） with

eg: A woman with two children has come.

译：一位女士带着她的两个哈子来了。

3、rather than

eg: He rather than I is right.

译：他是对的，我是错的。

4、except

eg: No one except (but) me knows about this news.

译：除了我，没有人知道这个消息。

5、but

eg: Nobody but two students is in the room.

译：除了两名学生，这间屋子没有其他人了。

6、no less than

eg: My father, no less than I, is a baseball fan.

译：爸爸和我一样都是棒球迷。